High-Altitude Configuration of Non-Terrestrial Telecommunication Network using Optical Wireless Technologies

Main Article Content

Yana Kremenetska
Anatoliy Makarenko
Andrii Bereznyuk
Serhii Lazebnyi
Natalia Rudenko
Olexander Vlasov

Abstract

Non-terrestrial communication technologies will become a key component for the development of future 6th generation (6G) networks. Potentials, implementation prospects, problems and solutions for non-terrestrial telecommunications remain open areas for future research. The article discusses the use of millimeter and optical wavelengths in various configurations of multilevel space communications using LEO satellites, stratospheric platforms and unmanned repeaters. The comparison of the capacity of the Shannon channel for various multi-level scenarios of the satellite communication line is carried out. The directions of research are analyzed to ensure the continuity of communication, adaptation to weather conditions, and achieving a throughput of up to 100 Gbit/s.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kremenetska, Y., Makarenko, A., Bereznyuk, A., Lazebnyi, S., Rudenko, N., & Vlasov, O. (2022). High-Altitude Configuration of Non-Terrestrial Telecommunication Network using Optical Wireless Technologies. International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS), 13(3). https://doi.org/10.17762/ijcnis.v13i3.5263 (Original work published December 25, 2021)
Section
Research Articles

References

M. M. Mohialdeen, V. Zaika, Yu. Khlaponin, L. Berkman, K. Polonskyi, O. Turovsky, “Methods for Assessing the impact of Bandwidth of Control Channels on the Quality of Telecommunications Networks in the Transmission of Data Packets of different types,” International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS), Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 220-229, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54039/ijcnis.v13i2

M. Giordani, M. Polese, M. Mezzavilla, S. Rangan, and M. Zorzi, "Toward 6G Networks: Use Cases and Technologies," IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp. 55–61, 2020.

F. Babich, M. Comisso, A. Cuttin, M. Marchese, and F. Patrone, "Nanosatellite-5G Integration in the Millimeter Wave Domain: A Full Top-Down Approach," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 390–404, 2020.

M. A. Khalighi, M. Uysal, "Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective," IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 2231–2258, 2014.

M. Giordani, M. Zorzi, "Non-Terrestrial Networks in the 6G Era: Challenges and Opportunities," IEEE Network, pp. 12–19, 2020.

J. Yu, X. Li, and W. Zhou, "Tutorial: Broadband fiber-wireless integration for 5G+ communication," APL Photonics, Vol. 3, No. 11, p. 111101, 2018.

S. Jia, "THz photonic wireless links with 16-QAM modulation in the 375-450 GHz band," Optics Express, Vol. 24, No. 21, p. 23777, 2016.

V. J. Urick, C. S. Sunderman, J. F. Diehl, N. D. Peterson, "W-Band Technology and Techniques for Analog Millimeter-Wave Photonics," Defense Technical Information Center, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ ADA622901.pdf

V. Petrov, M. Komarov, D. Moltchanov, J. M. Jornet, Y. Koucheryavy, "Interference and SINR in Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Communication Systems With Blocking and Directional Antennas," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 1791–1808, 2017.

J. Loughran, "Starlink launches 60 more satellites but commercial service faces delays," Engineering and Technology (IET), 2020. [Online]. Available: https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/ 2020/11/starlink-launches-60-more-satellites-but-commercial-service-faces-delays/

N. J. Veck, "Atmospheric Transmission and Natural Illumination (visible to microwave regions)", GEC Journal of Research, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 209 – 223, 1985.

Y. A. Kremenetskaya, E. R. Zhukova, N. V. Gradoboeva, D. A. Lyubas, B. V. Saenko, "Physical aspects of modeling a radio channel and noise in the millimeter range," Telecommunications and Information Technologies, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 60-71, 2018.

3GPP, "Solutions for NR support for Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN)," TR 38.821 (Release 16), 2020.

ITU-R, "Recommendation ITU-R P.676," 2005. [Online]. Available: https://www.itu.int/dms_ pubrec/itu-r/rec/p/R-REC-P.676-6-200503-S!!PDF-R.pdf

M.P. Dolukhanov, Propagation of radio waves. Moscow: Communication, 1972.

R.S. Hansen, Fazirovannye antennye reshetki (Phased antenna arrays). Moscow: Tekhnosfera, 2012, 560 p.

T. Aruga, K. Araki, T. Igarashi, F. Imai, Y. Yamamoto, and H. Sakagami, "Earth-to-space laser beam transmission for spacecraft attitude measurement," Applied Optics, Vol. 23, No. 1, p. 143, 1984.

T. Aruga, K. Araki, R. Hayashi, T. Iwabuchi, M. Takahashi, and S. Nakamura, "Earth-to-geosynchronous satellite laser beam transmission," Applied Optics, Vol. 24, No. 1, p. 53, 1985.

K. Araki, T. Itabe, M. Takabe, T. Aruga, H. Inomata, "Experiments on CO2 laser beam transmission from ground to geostationary meteorological satellite," Laser Sensing Syimposium, Japan, pp. 47–48, 1988.

H. Kaushal, G. Kaddoum, "Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques," IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 57–96, 2017.

M. Singh, J. Malhotra, M. S. Mani Rajan, D. Vigneswaran, M. H. Aly, "A long-haul 100 Gbps hybrid PDM/CO-OFDM FSO transmission system: Impact of climate conditions and atmospheric turbulence," Alexandria Engineering Journal, Vol. 60, No. 1, pp. 785–794, 2021.

C.-Y. Li, X.-H. Huang, H.-H. Lu, Y.-C. Huang, Q.-P. Huang, and S.-C. Tu, "A WDM PAM4 FSO–UWOC Integrated System With a Channel Capacity of 100 Gb/s," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 38, No. 7, pp. 1766–1776, 2020.

X.-H. Huang, "Two-way wireless-over-fibre and FSO-over-fibre communication systems with an optical carrier transmission," Laser Physics, Vol. 28, No. 7, p. 076207, 2018.